What the post-genome society is like depends on many uncertainties well as on what ethical and social principles we choose. With this respect, I will address the issues of the disclosure of genetic information and the genetic enhancement of child's abilities. If the future society allows for the disclosure of individuals' genetic information, both good and bad things could happen. Good things would include increased efficiency and reduction of possible crimes or risks. Bad things would include extreme forms of discrimination by gene. Similarly, if how the genome of people affects their abilities is well known and the technology to genetically enhance child's abilities is available, and if such genetic engineering is accepted ethically and socially, some concerns could develop. One is about uniform personality and another is about a polarized society. If genetic engineering costs little, the former concern would be more likely, and if costs much, the latter would be so. Polarization could occur not only in affluence but also in health and life expectancy. There could be two types of people: genetically enhanced and normal. To prevent possible conflict between genetically enhanced people and normal people, some measures might be needed. For example, genetically enhanced people might discharge their noblesse oblige willingly, or benefits derived from genetic enhancement might be taxable. Further, a bounty could be given on such gene manipulation as to enhance socially desirable dispositions. But here could arise another discrimination problem: how about those people who naturally possess such noble or desirable genes? Should they be free of additional tax or not entitled to a bounty?
